The Marlin Firearms Company marketing profile Essay

The Marlin Firearms Company marketing profile - Essay ExampleThe Company before long sells nine major firearms, has historically produced many different types of firearms, and has evolved its marketing strategies to better reflect the attitudes and beliefs of todays buyers all all over the world The various marketing objectives for the company have altered over the course of its existence and currently are reflecting the values of a large group of consumers who destiny specific products.The Marlin Firearms Company specializes in runty arms manufacture and accessories. Originally, consumer appreciation of these products came from their basic differences from other firearms like those produced by large companies like Winchester (Marlin online, The account of Marlin Firearms). The machine guns produced by the company in the early 20th century were used en crapper by soldiers during the First World War, but now the company has focused its production and marketing to smaller handgu ns and rifles that are used by homeowners and hunters. Communicative objectives for Marlin concerning their products are that these firearms are not, as in the past, for large dental plate warfare but for protection, collection and inquisition expeditions. These are values the company realizes its customers hold highly and by focusing the range of products onto these values, Marlin is known for personal, acceptable manufacture of firearms.Marlin products are promoted on the basis that every customer has his or her own target in mind whether it is actual target practice, small game, large game, deer, bears or random varmints, Marlin has a shotgun or rifle to get the job done. The premise of this promotional strategy is Find Your Target (Brophy 1989), and whether shopping online or speaking with a local dealer, customers can discover which guns crusade their needs and skill levels. Along with the guns themselves, Marlin promotes an entire line of accessories such as hats, gun sl ings, books and knives to accompany the hunting lifestyle. In particular, marketing is focused on Americans who have often grown up with parents or grandparents who hunted, and who want to continue what they view as a traditionally way of life. Marlin markets itself as Americas Favorite Riflemaker (ibid.), a call that speaks for itself in terms of advert. There is a large pull in the American market for hunting gear simply so that Americans can embrace this kind of lifestyle Marlin caters to the existing market by advertising products specific to the purpose consumers have in mind. Promotional BudgetThe Marlin Firearm Company makes an estimated $28 300 000 annually in profit it employs more than 575 people and is able to allocate up to 70% of revenue directly to marketing strategies (Manta online and Brophy 1989). This money is divided between the publishing of the gross sales catalogue, the upkeep of the website and advertising campaigns in many related publications. With the b ulk of the budget being spent on various sponsorships in arms-related publications, Marlin spends relatively little on the maintenance on the website that accounts for a large portion of their income. The online catalogue and sales pitches found on the Marlin Firearms website are the most efficient way to advertise and make direct sales to customers who find the company through a simple keyword search.Media StrategiesThe Marlin Firearms Company has been a big part of the American firearm industry for some time now despite this foundational image the company ensures that its name persists with ageless sponsorship and event collaboration. The production of the companys own catalogue goes a long way to presenting Marlin products to the public,

LSTD206 Capstone Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

LSTD206 Capstone Paper - quiz ExampleThis informs the cornerstone of the establishment of sound lymph gland-relations policies, which do not entirely serve as the basis of informing how a mansion relates with its clients, but also as a marketing tool for the theatre, since honourable client experience is a recipe for increased customer base for a firm (Brink & Berndt, 2008). Therefore, this interchange seeks to establish the client-relations policies that a legal firm should establish to enhance its client alliance as surface as its marketing, communication, advertising, confidentiality and conflict of interest handling. This discussion is important for a legal firm, since it creates insights into the relevant strategies that such firms should support to enhance a productive relationship with the clients, and thus be able to maintain a secured client base, in the face of the ever increasing competition. Discussion Client response is the core of productive client-relation s policies formulation, considering that it is the reception that clients get when they first visit a firm that determines their first impression of the firm, and the consequent future interactions with the firm (Silk, 2012). This being the case, it is therefore significant to keep in line that the receptionists and the customer relationship officers within a firm follows received guidelines that enhances a positive and productive relationship with the client, which enable the firm to project a positive jut out to the clients, and thus attract them for further visits and interactions. Thus, courtesy and helpfulness is the basis of the customer relationship policy, where the receptionists and the customer relationship officers address the clients with respect and integrity, while offering the essential help that a client could require (Knackstedt, 2008). dapple being courteous, respectful and helpful serves to enable the client whole tone comfortable within the firm and feel val ued and appreciated as a stakeholder to the firm, it plays the vital role of enticing the customer to make accept visits. Thus, courteousness, helpfulness and respectfulness serves both as a client recognition and appreciation strategies, as easy as firm marketing strategies that encourages further business. Confidentiality is paramount in the legal relationship business, considering that the relationship betwixt a client and a legal firm entails the discussion of sensitive personal, business or family matters, which should not be introduced to the public domain (Nollkamper, 2008). Thus, a confidentiality policy is vital within a legal firm, to ensure that the relationship between a client and the firm, and the issues discussed between them remains between the two parties, and can only be disclosed whenever it is necessary, may be in a court of law. Through implementing the confidentiality policy, a firm is able to ensure that the customer feels comfortable while dealing with the firm, through the knowledge that the personal and confidential information shared with the firm will remain as such, without any risk of unnecessary film (Silk, 2012). Client communications and legal advice is yet another aspect that requires that a policy guideline is set up to safeguard the relationship. The policy applicable under this concept

Globalization Has Had Positive Impacts On Most Workers In The Third Essay

Globalization Has Had Positive Impacts On Most Workers In The Third World - undertake ExampleAlthough globalization has contributed to increased environmental consequences and widened the wage gap, it has contributed to the high demand for employment opportunities, increased rivalry and heathen diversity thereby, creating instantaneous changes within the social structures of some cultural societies. History of Globilisation Globilisation can be traced back to the historical process, which began during the immigration of people from Africa to other parts of the globe. The migration process of merchants and labor force crossways the borders contributed to new changes including the new ideas, cultural diversity and new products. The first phase of globalization began in the sixteenth century during the pre- advanced(a) period where there were some improvements in maritime technologies (Lindio-McGovern and Wallimann (2009, p. 123). This period contributed to varied changes including maritime exploration, discovery, and centralisation tendencies associated with monarchies and development of modern states. The second stage of globalization started on the late of 18th century, and this phase was marked by extensive Industrial Revolution. This was the time when human technology began flourishing, productivity increased and the consumption level for commodities increased. Globalization increased in 19th century and major developments were experienced in all sectors crossways the globe. The economic growth in many countries started expanding in the mid 1980s and the earlier twentieth century. The modern globalization is the latest age of globalization that began in late 19th century throughout the 20th century thus this period can be marked with rapid industrialization that allowed cheap deed and labor force (Roberts and Hite 2007, p. 56). The... The research study indicates that globalization has significantly increased the amount of economic activities winning place across national boundaries, however, this has had huge impact on the lives of labor force and other communities everywhere. This is because the up-to-date globalization with diverse international policies and regulations underpinning it has contributed to increased hardships in the third world economies. This paper makes a remnant that although globalization has contributed to increased environmental consequences and widened the wage gap, it has contributed to the high demand for employment opportunities, increased competition and cultural diversity thereby, creating instantaneous changes within the social structures of many cultural societies. Therefore, to a larger extent, globalization has had impacts on the third world countries and many of them are positive impacts, which pack contributed to economic growth in many of the third world nations. Developing nations have benefited from globalization because of increased employment opportunities and many of them are capable to compete favorably with their competitors. It has also promoted free trade and increased cultural diversity, as well as, changes in income levels has companies have increasingly found access to international markets that offer outsourcing. However, to a smaller extent, globalization have contributed to increased environmental degradation, created capitalist society, widened income inequalities and increased poverty levels as capital flows are repatriated to the companies investing in developing nations.

Scottish society since 1914 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Scottish society since 1914 - hear ExampleIn these Wars, Scotland actually is a country engaged in a debate to limit if the aforementi one(a)d event is necessary. Scotland actively participated in every event that would somehow determine the fate of the eventual(prenominal) European colonizers. Moreover, The pre-war debates and development of policy had left much about the nature and form of welfare to be decided (Levitt, 1988, p.104). However, one cannot deny the fact that Scotland on that time was oppressed by other face nations- the soil experienced unfair competitions on trade as they experienced low salary compared to their counterparts and the goods and service that were provided by this country was paid at a lower price.Being engaged in such activities, the frugal side of Scotland was set aside while they are focusing much on the evasive action rather than the welfare of the passel. In this case, people of different classes aiming for social change indirectly ruled Sco tland. Ofcourse, medley of different classes would eventually give birth into an ideology and belief of oneness that would later be their marriage force in the next few years. Who would have known that such occurrences would turn this nation into one of Europes largest financial centers.During the time interwar, the Scottish while experien... Lets take a closer look at the imprint it suffered during the inter-war era. During that time, the Scottish people have only a few options on their employment. The armed force is mayhap the only thing that provides employment during that time.During these wars, while other European country were busy expanding their territories and scope, Scottish people has other things in mind- to develop a sense of oneness and to meet the challenges of the future Scotland. In a relatively short space of time, the Scottish working class went from being one of the about super organised working classes in the history of industrial capitalism, to a fragmente d one as provided barely able to defend its economic and political interests (Knox, 1995).Dealing with the present-day society of Scotland would further arrive at each one who wishes to have this study in their interwar experience.Their niche, in the business world has led them into a distinction, which other countries in the United Kingdom failed to do such a feat.The 1980s saw an economic boom in the Silicon Glen corridor between Glasgow and Edinburgh, with many large technology firms relocating to Scotland. The discovery of North ocean oil in the 1970s also helped to transform the Scottish economy (wikepedia 2006). Perhaps, this is an indicator that the said state is in demand of providing services that are vital to the growth ouf European countries.Scottish were pressumed as enemies of most of the English people during the early years of the war and even before the war. However, they made a rum move by excelling on intelligence in the armed forces, Industry and economics whic h paved the elbow room for

HRM Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

HRM - Essay ExampleThey tend to hire, promote, and retain minorities encourage trafficker diversity and training for employees. Some, like Coca-Cola, Motorola, and Mars, actually conduct cultural audits to ensure that diversity is pervasive in the memorial tablet.Employee development is designed to help the organization ensure that it has the necessary talent internally for meeting incoming human resource needs. The focus of employee development is on a future position at bottom the organization for which the employee requires additional competencies.Stoner, J. A. F. Freeman, R. E. Gilbert, D. R. (2006, pp. 187-216) argued that all managers are required to perform duties that are ceremonial and symbolic in nature. For instance, when the chairwoman of a college hands out diplomas at commencement or a factory supervisor gives a group of high school students a tour of the plant, he or she is acting in a figurehead role. All managers also have a leadership role. This role includes hi ring, training, motivating, and disciplining employees.The third role within the interpersonal grouping is the liaison role. Mintzberg, H. (1989 pp. 176-219) described this activity as contacting outsiders who provide the manager with information. These may be individuals or groups inside or outside the organization. The sales manager who obtains information from the quality-control manager in his or her own company has an internal liaison relationship. When that sales manager has contacts with other sales executives through a marketing trade association, he or she has an outside liaison relationship.1Formal education Golden, K. A. & Ramanujam, V. (1985 pp. 89-96) mentioned that the use of educational qualifications in screening candidates seems to be a universal practice. A recent study of 300 enlarged organizations in 22 countries demonstrate that employee selection practices differ by nations but a few earthy procedures were found and formal education is one of them. Employee d evelopment and

The use of health informatics in affecting the health status of at Research Paper

The use of health learning science in affecting the health status of at Risk population - Research Paper archetypeWith the standardization, there are evenly distributed growth levels.One of the standardization models is the Human Studies Database (HSBD). The main components standardized by this model revolve around administrative features of human studies. This harmonizes the usage of data elements in various institutional boards and clinical trial management systems in organizations. Another model is the NCI Case Report Form (CRF). In this model there is the harmonization of physical exams, enrollment, adherence to protocol and medical history (Castro, 2009). This model creates a unison picture when it comes to the welfare of patients in medical institutions. Regardless of their illnesses, a medical protocol must(prenominal) be adhered to during their medication. Hematopoietic Cell Transplant (HCT) is a standardization model which is aimed at protecting, recording and preserving the info of a donor and recipient (Veatch, 2002). In this model both the donor and the recipient have their bear rights which a health institution cannot breach. Withholding their information is one of the rights patients are entitled to.Interoperability is the inter-operation between twain or more organizations, institutions or departments in coming up with useful information to help in all the parties involved. In the modern century, interoperability is greatly associated with information technologies (Veatch, 2002). Through IT, interoperability is used as a tool of providing information to many related institutions. For instance, in health care many organizations may share ideas and innovative moves with the internet. In this case this information may greatly impact the operations of other medical practices. This treat is the most important process when it comes to the delivery of equal and quality medical services in contrary practices. Interoperability is important beca use it brings about the evolution of how medical services are

The Argument for Gay Marriage Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Argument for Gay Marriage - shew ExampleThis paper highlights that many wars are being fought which render more dead bodies than politically fond results. The concept of two individuals choosing to solidify their commitment to one other, seems not only valid but also, invigorated considering all the hate that occupies the human race. Further more, any type of government should never be permitted to set up whom should or should not be permitted to marry whom. Considering that the term human rights implies an entire species as opposed to authorized facets of a species, there is no way that one group of individuals should be permitted to socially exclude another group of individuals from sharing in rights that should be afforded to all humans equally without regard to sex, religion, ethnicity, sexual taste or economic means. The very same argument which states that gays should not be allowed to be married, is virtually equivalent with the one used by white supremacists in th e succession of slavery and segregation, to maintain the institution of slavery. During the time of slavery in America, African American s were not permitted to vote, own land, patronize establishments or charter public office. It was stated during these times that blacks were not white or were lesser people than those who were white. This is no distinguishable from the ideology behind protecting the sanctity of marriage which is perpetuated by the conservative republican party. The only contrast is that heterosexuality is considered the norm while homosexuality is considered to be a lesser condition of human sexuality. This is incisively another way of socially isolating a group of individuals and thereby limiting the rights of said individuals. there is no moral grounds for this and any argument which claims to establish such grounds, is an obtuse attempt at superiority and dominance over other human beings.

Thomas Hobbes Ieviathan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Thomas Hobbes Ieviathan - Essay ExampleAlways he based his argument on the violent deaths of men on the hands of another man. He believed that the yet way natural laws could work was only by submitting the commands t the sovereign. Thomas Hobbes, Leviathan, Oxford 1996 Thomas Hobbes has his own record on governmental philosophy. He is widely know to be a thinker with so many a(prenominal) interests in political philosophy. In the world of philosophy, Thomas H. is widely known for his defense on a wide range of issues that included Naminalist, empiricist, and materialist views in contrast to republic. In history too, he is also known to have translated Thucydides History of the Peloponnesian war in to now English which saw him later bring out his own history on the long parliament. Generally, Thomas H. is widely known for his participation in his skilful life.1 His vision of the world is original and still relevant to the contemporary politics. His main concern is majorly the pr oblems of the social and political order, which is how human beings arouse live together without fear or genteel conflicts in our societies. He has forever insisted in giving our obedience to an account able sovereign person or group to memorise every social political issue. Otherwise, what awaits us is a state of nature, which more closely resembles a complaisant war whereby everybody in any society is in a state of fear. It is due to Hobbes interpretations, which lead to so many controversies as to whether he sees human beings as merely egoistic or purely self-interested. He goes on to posits unconnected and primitive state of nature whereby men have the natural proclivity to appal another man and have rights over everything even to one anothers body. This is what making me defends Hobbes in his argument whereby powers should be rested on the sovereign state. Power is entrusted to a certain group who ensures that in that respect is law and order in that state and no civil w ars2. In the early 1640s, this is the time when Hobbes started making an impact with most of the philosophical writings and one of his own was the elements of law, whereby he started with the developments of the workings of the human capitulum and language also the political matters. One of his first make books on philosophy was the De Cive published in 1642, which encompasses three main aspects, which included Empire, Liberty, and religion. Later when in France Hobbes then wrote Leviathan and this book was published in 1651. Leviathan basically comprises of matters of scriptural interpretation and it is in this book where majorly his work evolves in. Leviathan is a book written by Thomas Hobbes during the civil war. Its concerns are basically on the society and the legitimate government hence interpreted as one of the examples of the social contract theory. He argues that social unity and civil peace can only be achieved through the establishment of a common wealthiness through the social contract. This common wealth is then ruled by either a sovereign power or even a single ruler who provides security to the common wealth. He is a man who has lived in fear, which then at last led him to write the leviathan. In his book, He set out the foundation of states plus the legitimate governments, which are said to have originated from the social contract theory3. This book is known to have been written during the English civil wars. It was as a result of these evil

SC2C67C Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

SC2C67C - Essay Example, Middle and uttermost East for new workers, providing them with British citizenship and inviting them to take up jobs within the UK labour market (Kenny Briner, 2006 3). The UK workforce has steadily become more multi-ethnic in the past five decades (p.31).Gender The number of women working onward from home has increased several-fold, with the proportion of women in the workforce nearly equal to that of men, and steadily increasing. But, in scathe of remuneration, choice projects or promotions, they are discriminated against.Age for retirement around the mid-fifties is considered too early in present times, with men and women perceiving themselves to be capable of several more years of employment. Employers preference for younger community is prevalent, with educational qualifications and energy counting more than experience which veterans may have.Ethnic and Racial Discrimination In a study, among those who describe discrimination at the work place on t he basis of ethnicity or race, 28 % reported being passed over for promotion, 21% reported being assigned undesirable tasks, and 16% reported hearing racist comments Dixon, et al, 2002 quoted in (Nelson Nielsen, 2005 18).Migration to the United Kingdom, and settlement patterns mean nonage ethnic people right away make up 8% of the UK population residing mainly in the larger cities alike(p) London and Birmingham. UK politics projections show that, because of their younger age profile, minority ethnic people account for 50 per cent of the harvest-tide in the UK working population between 1999 and 2009 (Cabinet Office Strategy Unit, 2003 as quoted in Kenny Briner, 2006 p.3). Ethnic minorities like the Africans also are represented as a significant proportion of the population, many of them having their roots in Britain since several generations earlier.Ogbonna (1998) quoted in Kenny Briner (2006 14), states that a vicious circle of unequal opportunities commonly affects the motivat ion of unemployed minority

Is Socrates a feminist How might one argue that he is How would they Essay

Is Socrates a feminist How might oneness debate that he is How would they argue that he is non Which position is right - Essay ExampleSignificantly, to an extent Plato promoted the notion of both workforce and women being equal with some of his views supporting this claim specifically in book 5, where he tackled on Socrates view that women have plenty potential as philosopher-rulers or guardians of the state (VanHeest 1). On the support for women compargon platform, the foundation of this claim is his assertion that a hu opus should be judged on his or her soul and not on external appearance altogether. However, on that point are more of his views that entrench his stand on feminist movement i.e. that womans biology should not settle the question of her destiny and womens intelligence and think should also be utilized when it comes to the running of the state matter of fact, these two views are the ones that serve the theme for the belief that to a certain extent Plato suppo rts the feminists views (Cuizon 1). Socrates radically states that women should also get the homogeneous training in the society as men, in the areas of geometry, gymnastics, music, and with these most people fall under the misconception that Socrates is a feminist. Considerably, he gives a lot of support to women arguing that they should also be allowed to have active roles in the republic however, this campaign is not based on feminism or because he feels that they deserve it collectible to the centuries of un counterbalance status in the society. Socrates views both men and women to be equal in all aspects turn out strength, and is aware that both genders fall into one of the three parts of the soul, being either spirited, rational or appetitive, hence they all have uses in the city (Vilchez 1). Additionally, he is familiar with biological essentialism noting out that even though women might not be strong as men they play a wakeless role to the city and its comprehensive succ ess. The overall analysis of women by Socrates gives him the idea that they are of use in any perfect society despite the diversity in strength when compared to men however, he believes that there is no single thing that only men or women can do. Significantly, Socrates speaks against gender roles that are static relevant in the world of today stating out that no profession is suited solely for man or for woman despite the many junctures where people believe that, especially when it comes to leadership. In the world of today, the stipend/salary varies with men being paid more than women and it has been hard to address this issue until recently with a significant number of people continuing to fight against the gender discriminations (VanHeest 1). One of the factors that make Socrates sound desire a true biological essentialist is his notion that men are stronger than women which is typically true. The point on no one task is a job that can only be done by one sex is encouraging s ince nowadays there are men cooking and women who fight nonetheless, there are still tasks that are dominated to one gender like the armys are near of men who have proven to be stronger than women. There is often the confusion between biological essentialists and feminists for lawsuit in this case, Socrates is more of a biological essentialist than a feminist, believing that even though men track down to be stronger than women, it does not justify the women being denied involvement to their full

Consulting Skills Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Consulting Skills - Essay ExampleIn some cases, the byplayes require the support of internal as well as external consultants. External consultants that are hired by the organizations and businesses usually are pass judgment to have a wide range of skills regarding consultancy (Kipping 1997). External consultants work on individual basis as well as for consultancy firms.Consulting party can be defined as an organization or a person who is involved in planning procedures in relation to federal task. A federal undertaking can be explained as a project that is facilitated by federal participation in ground of support, allowance or authority (What is meant by the term consulting parties?).A consultant is an individual who is involved in solving or analyzing a problem of a client. A consultancy is the organization involved in it. A management-consulting firm usually deals with the problems associated with one organization, customer problems, employee problems, expansion of a firm, mark et studies related with economic, political, demographic and sociological changes etc (Alvesson and Johansson 2002). A simple model of a consultancy practice is as follows,(Markham 2004, p.12). According to this model, the consultants have to deal with the full-page infrastructure of an organization, which is linked to clients, leadership and intellectual property. For any kinds of decision taking in relation to clients, leadership or intellectual property, the consultants assistance is acquired for enabling the infrastructure to operate successfully. Consultancy is a wide field that necessarily experience and skill in order to facilitate people with relevant knowledge concerning clients and their day-to-day business tasks.From a domestic to global expansion, an organization is required to consult its gentleman resource department because the human resource department keeps the accountability of provision of a suitable plan, recommendations and information for the business expan sion needs. The

The effects of U.S. recession on other countries economies Research Paper

The effects of U.S. recession on other countries economies - Research penning ExampleEconomy has affected other nations although it should be noted that the downturn in is a global phenomenon. At least superficially it is the case that the recession is affecting different nations for reasons other than changes in the U.S. economy specifically.Firstly it is the case that this frugal downturn is a recent event relatively speaking. As a resultant, there are not m all peer reviewed academic obliges on the topic. Furthermore it may be the case that the full effect of this recession has not yet been felt and by extension there is a research gap for what is currently transpiring and future consequences.Secondly any information disseminated from the economic downturn can be beneficial for future potential economic downturns. As it is the case that any impact that the downturn may have on a specific economy may abide possible contingency plans.Why this information would be relevant to others is because any information gathered theoretically is of use to subjects as diverse as international commerce and policy, economics, developmental economics as substantially as sociology.The article first highlighted that the BRIC nations (Brasil, Russia, India and China) are the most likely candidates for a speedy economic recuperation and by extension are poised to help push a global economic recovery whilst the more economically developed nations (Europe, North America and Japan) are expected to lag. How this relates specifically to the United States is that the article specifically sites that American corporations and consumers are presently tamping down the impact of the economic stimulus package by increased saving. What this translates to is an estimated overall shrinking of the American economy of 2.8% in 2009. As a negative consequence of this action it could be predicted that this emerging/developing market growth could theoretically push interest rate in develop ed economies which in turn would increase the price of oil. Furthermore, increased savings

Merger & Acquisition in Pharmaceutical Industry Dissertation

Merger & Acquisition in pharmaceutic Industry - Dissertation ExampleThis essay stresses that M&As can be motivated from triplex sources. This conclusion is supported by industry surveys of pharmaceutical firms who report having seven-fold M&A goals dumbfound the core business, realize court synergies, acquire new technologies, gain competitive advantage, generate fiscal advantage, and so on. Such a phenomenon is not unique to pharmaceutical firms firms in other industries typically have multiple objectives in pursuing M&As. It is possible, of course, that many positive aspirations are voiced to disguise underlying motivations for cost synergies.This paper makes a conclusion that the problem with multiple rationales noted in these other industries may in any case pertain to pharmaceuticals the lack of a clear focus in the merger and the presence of conflicting agendas. In the presence of multiple goals, the intentions of the two firms (particularly if one acquires the other) are likely to diverge, if not conflict. Moreover, there may be a simultaneous (and confusing) effort to cut costs and pursue growth. Other problems that stem from multiple rationales fill the merger implementation effort for example, the difficulty in mapping out the implementation steps ascribable to the need to accommodate a variety of potentially conflicting interests and directions. Multiple rationales may thus see dysfunctional during the merger transition and lead to unresolvable conflicts. Industry analysts argue that one party in clear control, with a dominant economic rationale, a simple program, great communication, and excellent execution, is the critical cistron for M&A success.

Critically appraise the application of traditional capital budgeting Assignment

Critically appraise the application of traditional pileus budgeting techniques - assigning ExampleAt the same time, many business organizations failed to survive stiff market competition and afterward went out of the market. The last decade witnessed a series of incorporated scandals and bank failures due to poor managerial accountability and ineffective corporate governance practices. Hence, todays managements give particular focus to corporate governance principles and long term business findings. In this context, the concept of capital budgeting is of considerable significance because it evaluates prox cash inflows and outflows on a prospective business stick out and thereby determines it potentiality. After the global financial crisis 2008-09, capital budgeting is specifically considered to be an integral part of the financial management. This paper clearly describes how the capital budgeting technique can contribute to the long term sustainability of business organizati ons. In addition, the influence of capital budgeting on managerial efficiency and organizational performance is also explained in this paper. Some recent developments in the application of capital budgeting induct increased this methods relevance in the modern business context. ... back period, crystalise present value, accounting rate of issuing, midland rate of return, equivalent annuity, profitability index, real options valuation, and modified internal rate of return (Drury & Tayles 1997). The method used for capital budgeting may vary with regard to the change in size of the business. Simply, capital budgeting is a tool used for long term decision making. Although capital budgeting is traditionally used for making sound long term investment decisions, many other real-life applications of this technique have been developed recently. Capital budgeting is a complex process and therefore c areful management of this process is indispensable to achieve the desired outcomes. A po st project audit is conducted to evaluate the completed project. More precisely, on a lower floor a capital investment project, actual cash inflows and other benefits are compared with figures forecasted at the time of project appraisal. This paper will analyze the objectives of capital budgeting, recent developments in its applications, and the role of post-completion auditing. 2. Capital Budgeting and Post boundary Auditing Capital budgeting can be simply referred to the planning process deployed to evaluate whether or not a firms long term investments including new plants, new machinery and products, and research and development project are worth pursuing. In a broader sense, capital budgeting can be defined as the analysis of a proposed investment that is a long-term asset used by the business to yield a return over a period of time that is greater than one year (Williamson et al 2008, n.a). Management experts consider that capital budgeting can also enhance the growth of non -profit organizations because potential long term investment decision would assist those institutions to expand

Is There Life Off Earth Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Is on that point Life Off Earth - Term Paper ExampleBut even it is taken for given that on some planets in this universe, there prevails an environment equivalent the one on the earth, one cannot be sure of the beingness of life on those planet. This paper get out devise an experiment to test whether either form of life as defined on Earth could prosper on Mars. This experiment will be conveyed mainly by the theoretical assessment of the possibility of life on Mars.Traditional expect for life on Mars as thoroughly as in the universe is centered on the quest whether Mars can provide essential conditions of life. These conditions ar to be the same(p) as they are required for the survival of life on Earth. In order to life to exist on Mars, scientists apprise that the planet must have piss. But the temperature of the planet must not be high large to evaporate the water. Therefore, liquidity of water must be preserved in order to initiate the existence of life (Stewart 39). T his opinion of the scientists is greatly influenced by the hydro-evolutionary theory that asserts that life on Earth has been initiated from the movement of water in the ocean. Also in order to sustain life, Mars must have the availability of elements like carbon and nitrogen, so that the unary organic system like cells can grow easily. At the same time, the planet should have an apparently congenial environment that can sustain life as well as preserve each its evolutionary steps.The question whether Mars can provide the conditions of life is whole based on empirical science. With a highest -600 C temperature that is slightly higher that the lowest -800 C temperature of the Antarctic region, the environment of Mars is supposed to be hostile for most of the microorganism organisms as well as other forms of earthly life. Also having a gravitational force, 38 percent of that of Earth, it has a thin mould atmosphere, .7% of Earths atmosphere. Even though there are other dissimilarit ies,

Comparative analysis of political participation Essay Example for Free

comparative degree analysis of semi policy-making date EssayThe change in policy-making participation is currently a hotly discussed topic. Low turnouts in the 2001 and 2005 UK general elections, along with falling fragmentship of political parties have led political organisations to discoer the reasons for this (BBC, 2006). unmatched method is to use comparative analysis. This is about comparing aspects of countries political systems (Dobson, 2005, p.140) to try to understand why a phenomenon occurs in one country or time period further not in new(prenominal). This set about looks at two factors, which evidence suggests affect political participation sexuality and socio-economic standing. It examines whether comparative analysis is a useful tool for studying this topic. It concludes that whilst comparative politics is helpful at identifying participation trends, it is too simple to provide practical answers and that further studies ar required to reveal useful outc omes.Historically, conventional ways for citizens to move into in politics were by voting in elections and essenceing a political party. The decline in these activities has led some to believe on that point is political apathy in Britain. How perpetually Helena Kennedy (cited by White, 2006, p.4), chair of the Commission which produced the Power to the People report (2006) denies this, saying that despite no longer wanting to join a party or get involved in formal politics, people instead get rid of direct action by raising money for charities, joining protest marches, signing petitions and undertaking volunteering written report within their communities. The possibility for differing definitions of key outcomes is a dis payoff for comparative analysis.A study that defines participation in terms much(prenominal)(prenominal) as voting or contacting politicians will conclude that political participation has decrease and supports the political apathy hypothesis, whereas, a stu dy such as the Citizen Audit (2001), using unorthodox definitions, such as membership of political organisations (anything from trade unions to community groups) or financially supporting activist organisations, go back that participation is still strong. The Citizen Audit found that approximately 40 per cent of adults belong to at to the lowest degree one political organisation (Smith, 2005, p.83)and there is little evidence of widespread apathy (Smith, 2005, p.84). When trying to progress to policies to increase political participation, these conflicting results are unhelpful.Following a 2002 European Union directive, which required member states to promote equality in relation to sexual orientation, age and religion in addition to race, gender and disability (Squires, 2005, p.119), European governments began to initiate changes to the way women were represented within parliament. Governments did not necessarily choose the alike initiatives and comparative analysis is useful t o identify quickly the comparative success of each governments initiatives. (See table 1, Appendix).Political systems are hugely complex and as Dobson states Each day near of us find ourselves describing, explaining and predicting something. Comparative politics is no more, then, than carrying out these apparently basic human activities in the context of what we are calling political worlds (Dobson, 2005, p.143). Comparing what happens in variant countries or different political systems enables the analysis of differences and similarities and thereby, identifying factors that can be applied generally to simplify complex systems. For example circumvent 1 shows that Nordic countries have significantly higher levels of female participation in comparing to the UK.A insurance trainr, looking to increase participation by UK women, can then look at why there is such a large disparity between the two countries and whether there is something the UK could learn from Nordic policy. This illustrates another advantage of comparative study it pass arounds opportunity to expand ones intimacy of political worlds. For comparison there must be at least two things to compare which must be obviously different. In political comparison, this is often two different countries and even if one is ones witness, the other will not be and if we assume that knowledge of others is a prerequisite for finding our way around, and managing, a globalizing world, then comparative politics seems to be of increasing practical importance (Dobson, 2005, p.143).Expanding ones knowledge is generally auspicious and simplifying complexinformation is usually advantageous although over step-down is a attempt. Table 2 shows the very(prenominal) information as table 1 but for the elections that were held closest to the time of the aforementioned(prenominal) EU directive. Figure 1 shows the percentage point difference between both elections. Using this information, that same policy directr may feel that focussing on Frances policies would be of much greater value than that of the Nordic countries as, in only 10 years, France has almost doubled the amount of women who hold parliamentary seats.Comparing and ranking countries can be useful but, as illustrated here, it is only part of a figment and great care must be taken when interpreting comparative selective information. Oversimplification is a translucent risk of comparative analysis. It is possible to mitigate the risk by undertaking more study, producing more data and a more sophisticated and detailed analysis to guide forecasting or policy change. It is primal that one considers this potential issue when working with conclusions drawn from comparative analysis.In 2005 the Electoral Commission produced a research report, Social Exclusion and Political Engagement. Its aim was to explore why those experiencing societal disadvantage head for the hills to also be the most politically excluded in society. (Electoral C ommission, 2005) Looking at the aim of this report highlights an advantage of using comparative politics but also a disadvantage. The advantage is that it allows testing of hypotheses in this case, those who do it social disadvantage are more likely to be politically excluded. By comparing different circumstances, one can find out what factors affect the political situation in a country, better-looking an idea as to what particular social/financial or other conditions might give bob up to say, reform or revolution in the future. The possibility to predict outcomes is especially important for politicians the possibility of lettered that under certain social conditions, policy X will produce outcome Y (Dobson, 2005, p.144) allows them to bring about informed policy decisions.The disadvantage is that in research, subjectivity and objectivity can sometimes be lost. Baxter, (cited by Dobson, 2005, p.146) points out Research is not a wholly objective activity carried out by gratui tous scientists. It is a social activity powerfully affected by the researchersown motivations and values. In this case, the researcher(s) has(ve) already taken on the axiom that those with social disadvantages are politically excluded. This does not necessarily close that conclusions drawn by social scientists are useless it just means that it is important that anyone working with these conclusions is sensible that they might be contaminated by their comparative scientists own motivations and values (Dobson, 2005, p.154).The report drew together much information on the subject and found that the working class (C2DEs) were 21 percentage points less likely to vote than the middle class (ABC1), 60% to 41%. It also found ABC1s twice as likely as C2DEs to take advantage of the opportunity to contact their elected representatives two-thirds of those who present their views to their councillors or MPs are ABC1s Political activism is higher among ABC1s than C2DEs (23% as compared to 7%). Across a range of different activities which could still be defined as political, there is a correlation with class and income those in the lowest social class, the poorest in society and the less educated were less likely to be politically active than those who are in a higher social class (Electoral Commission, 2005, p.9).This gives a lot of interesting information and seems to make it clear that there is a correlation between social class and political participation but then it could be argued that it does not really say anything useful. It illustrates a difference but it does not give any reason for this difference. It does not give any principles that one could draw from the comparisons to enable one to make wider or more generalised conclusions about what would lessen the gap. Anyone using the data runs the risk of putting their own interpretation on the results, as stated by Lewis (cited in Dobson, 2005, p.157) the development of the comparatives tools seems to involve the i nterpretation of political reality rather than its simple and problem-free observation. The other difficulty with this is that people interpret things in different ways and one persons interpretation of these results might not be anothers. This runs the risk of further confusion rather than clarifying issues.To conclude, Dobson asks Whether, despite their peculiarities, we can buildtheories for comparing political worlds that will enable us to offer general truths about them. Or are we only ever able to tell stories about them stories rich in specific detail but devoid of generalizable truths? (Dobson, 2005, p.140). Comparative analysis is a key tool in identifying trends in participation. It also allows for the testing of hypothesis and for simplification of complicated data, with the possibility of expanding ones knowledge all notable advantages. However, the disadvantages of contamination and misinterpretation along with the possibility for over simplification reveal crucial lim itations, meaning that comparative analysis offers little in the way of determinate predictions about or practical answers which could influence political participation.ReferencesBBC, 2006. Political system faces meltdown. BBC UK Politics. Available at http//news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/4753876.stm Accessed 3 December, 2014.Electoral Commission, 2005. Available at http//www.electoralcommission.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0007/63835/Social-exclusion-and-political-engagement.pdf Accessed 4 December, 2014.Dobson, A., Story telling and theory building comparing political worlds. In Lewis, P ed. 2005. Exploring Political Worlds. Milton Keynes, The Open UniversitySmith, M., Taking part in politics. In Lewis, P ed. 2005. Exploring Political Worlds. Milton Keynes, The Open UniversitySquires, J., Common citizenship and plural identities the politics of social difference. In Lewis, P ed. 2005. Exploring Political Worlds. Milton Keynes, The Open UniversityWhite, I., Power Inquiry, 2006. Power to the People the report of Power, an Independent Inquiry into Britains Democracy. third estate program library Standard Note, Power to the People the report of Power, an Independent Inquiry into Britains Democracy. Commons Library Standard Note. Available at http//www.parliament.uk/briefing-papers/SN03948/power-to-the-people-the-report-of-power-an-independent-inquiry-into-britains-democracy Accessed 3 December, 2014.Whiteley, P.F., Pattie, C. and Seyd, P., Citizen Audit of Great Britain, 2000-2001 computer file. Colchester, Essex UK Data Archive distributor, March 2005. SN 5099, http//dx.doi.org/10.5255/UKDA-SN-5099-1

Junior Officers Essay Example for Free

petty(prenominal) Officers EssayThis result appeared to be the similar with the statistical results for the information set of any samples combined. The deviation was the item valet Resource Focus, souvenir 5, which appeared to be not agree with leadership, stop 1. on that point could be logical reasons why such(prenominal) a result, but we cannot at this stage, extrapolate without first conducting the same test for the Leaders sort. A. 3. The Pearson Correlation Matrix for the Leaders Group For the Leaders Group, leading, Item 1, is not correlated at all, ALL from strategical Planning, Item 2 to Business Results, Item 7 as shown by Table 3. Table 3. Excerpt from the Correlation Matrix for the Leaders Group Leadership, Item 1 Strategic Planning, Item 2 0. 371 0. 413 Customer And Market Focus, Item 3 0. 164 0. 726 Measurement, Analysis, and cognition Management, Item 4 0. 753 0. 051 Human Resource Focus, Item 5 0. 715 0. 071 Process Management, Item 6 0. 247 0. 594 Bus iness Results, Item 7 0. 524 0. 227 prison cell Contents Pearson coefficient of correlational statistics p-Value The results were revealing on both counts.First, it told us that the correlation trend shown by the combine Data Samples of the Others Group and the Leaders Group was mainly due to the effect of the Others Group given its big sample size, 37 respondents compared to the Leaders Group, 7 respondents. This is manifest in that the correlation test for the Others Group showed correlation between Leadership, Item 1, and other items except in Customer and Market Focus, Item 3, which was possibly influenced by the results of the Leaders Group which showed no correlation between Leadership, Item 1, and the other items.Second, the results pointed to the contrast between the two groups being compared. There was a significant difference in perception between the Others Group and the Leaders Group. It should be noted that the Leaders Group, comprising, take note, the Senior Lead ers, or specifically, the Senior Officers in the surveyed organization occupied the higher hierarchy and when we mentioned the Others Group, we are referring to leaders still, but leaders occupying the lower hierarchy, the Others Group comprising, take note, the subordinate Leaders, or specifically the Junior Officers.It may argued that based on their respective position in the surveyed organization, ESGR at that place may be strong factors which create opposing views or that their perceptions could be affected by the imperatives, necessities, and the equivalent and the nature of their respective positions being held in the organization.Whereas, for the Others Group, wherein Leadership, Item 1, was correlated with all the other items Strategic Planning, Item 2 Measurement, Analysis, and Knowledge Management, Item 4 Human Resource Focus, Item 5 Process Management, Item 6 and Business Results, Item 7 however, in the Leaders Group, its Leadership, Item 1, had NO significant correla tion established with ALL the other items from Item 2 to Item 7. It could mean that the Others Group, mainly Junior Officers were more(prenominal) concerned with determination which required them to be aware of all the aspects and elaborate of the organization.It could be contended that Junior Officers were the implementers of the details of projects and operations hence, with Strategic Planning, Item 2 of the Baldrige Criteria, the Junior Officers were more concerned with examining how organizations develop objectives and action plans and how pliable the organization should be in case of situational changes in circumstance. Junior Officers are expected to be long-familiar with stock knowledge on the planning step and deployment to achieve objectives at the various stages of implementation.Chances are, they are the ones evaluating data from various reports and they are the ones making the progress reports and updates for the higher echelon officers. In other words it is possibl e that Junior Officers differed with the Senior Leaders in terms of data/details exposure, requiring the Junior Officers to pay more fact attention to the different aspects of the organization at the field or at the ground level.Other items such as Measurement, Analysis and Knowledge Management, Item 4, could be interpreted as part of the functions of Junior Leadership and Junior Officers were more conscious of the procedures involved in handling voluminous data and information which demand sorting and which may require immediate and appropriate response. In Question 26, under the sub-category, Information and Knowledge Management, for example, in dealing with hardware and software reliability, we can expect that senior leadership not to be doing the actual testing of new software or hardware for that matter.It would thus be more the function of Junior Officers to test such new innovations. Due to the difference in focus and priorities between the Others Group and the Leaders Grou p as suggested by their diverging trend in the correlation test outcome, gain tests had to be conducted to enable deeper probe into why such results occurred. How come?

Lev Vygotsky’s Theory Essay Example for Free

Lev Vygotskys opening EssayThe focusing or the growing-up mold of a nipper has been considered as the most critical and decisive br distributively of a souls disembodied spirit. It is in this stage where most changes take place which determines the saturation or weakness of the foundations of wizards skills and capabilities as he or she grows up. Human maturement has in any case been an interesting theme or research in the field of psychology over the years. Theories and concepts have been conjecture and developed in order to create a wide discretion of the mold of human growth as it plays a significant agency in a persons foundation as an big(p). The developmental process of a child includes several aspects worry the physiological, emotional, and cognitive development. In this subject, the focus shall be on cognitive development and the process of speech communication acquisition, as proposed and theorized by Lev Vygotsky. What is Cognitive Development and row Acquisition? Cognitive development is a part of the overall dynamic process of human maturity. In current media, a lot of products like milk, supplements, and health commodities for children have been advertised to contribute on astir(p) the wellness of a childs cognitive development.This shows how the current society values this aspect of child development with special importance. Cognitive development pertains to how an individual understands and grasps ideas through intoxicateed factors and genetics as well. This developmental aspect is made up of five fields, namely, selective information processing, intelligence, reasoning, address development, and memory (Wells, 2008). Understanding the whole cognitive development of a child may not be complete without understanding these core fields. However, this paper shall focus on one area which is language development.The definition of intelligence and cognitive development has in like manner become a popular debate among psyc hologists like Vygotsky and Piaget. Piaget defines intelligence as the ability of an individual to change to his or her environment through several adaptation models which include the concepts of assimilation and accommodation, both of which place stronger dialect on the individual (cited in Lloyd, 1995). On the early(a) hand, Vygotsky argues that cognitive development refers to the capacity of a person to learn through instruction with an emphasis on the environment.Moreover, Vygotsky saw the capability of individuals to learn through instruction as the basic feature of human intelligence (cited in Lloyd, 1995). In medical terms, language development can be identified as the process wherein the complexity of symbols, sounds, and meanings combined is being expanded steadily. This process shall depend on how a person interprets, understands, and perceives objects and symbols as influenced by his or her environment and erudition process (Biology Online, 2005).Among children, espec ially those of 1 to 2 years of age, the proterozoic developments in language can be real well observed in their constant cooing, imitation of adult sounds and legers, babbling, and lend oneself of shortened words and sentences (Biology Online, 2005). Lev Vygotskys Views on the Roots of Though and spoken communication Lev Semenovich Vygotsky is a German psychologist who explained and expounded on the genetic approach to the early developments of thoughts and concepts in human development.He connected the changes and transitions occurring in this process from childhood to adulthood through a series of human developmental stages (Marxist profits Archive, 1990). Although his theories have been rejected in the United States during the earlier part of the political conflict between the U. S. and Soviet Union, his works still became popular as the Cold warfare ended up to present date. His works basically revolved around the grow of thought and language. It impart be easier to unde rstand Vygotskys theories in psychology by understanding the main arguments from which his theories are grow from.His main arguments about intelligence and cognitions state that, (1) thinking is understood developmentally in terms of its roots and succeeding growth at the individual and cultural levels of analysis (2) thinking is interceded by semiotic mechanisms like speech which can be considered as the most powerful of such mechanisms and (3) in that location are sure thinking processes like problem solving, voluntary memory, and self-regulation which have roots from social processes and interactions (Vygotsky cited in Goswami, 2004).As one may observe, more often than not, Vygotsky used the terms speech and thinking than language and thought. This preference to use such terms was believed to be linked with his perception of speech as a social or shared process (Lloyd, 1995). For Vygotsky, the developments of thinking and speech are two separate entities thought being non-verb al and language being non-intellectual. However, he explained that during a ad hoc time in a persons lifetime (around the age of two), the lines of development of these two areas start to meet again to induce the creation of a new-sprung(prenominal) behavior (Vygotsky cited in Schutz, 2004).He was able to expound his positions on this concept as he state that, (1) thinking and speech have different roots at the start of their development (2) at the beginning, there entrust be a pre-intellectual stage for speech and a pre-linguistic stage for thought (3) there will come a point in time when these two aspects shall follow different curves unaffected with each other (4) at a second point, their curves shall meet where thought will turn verbal, and speech, on the other hand, will turn rational and lastly, (5) thinking and speech are not always overlying each other (Lloyd, 1995).Vygotskys theory has also been particular about the construction of words and acquisition of word meaning s. He explains that the formation of word and word meaning is in a way related to how a child perceives a problem in communicating with his or her guardian. Vygotsky claims that word meanings are derived from the problem of not enjoying what to call or how to describe a specific object, feeling, or thought, which the child usually asks from an adult (cited in Schutz, 2004).Vygotsky also acquired interest in understanding the possibilities that language may indeed affect how a person thinks. In contrast to Piagets focus on childrens egocentric and private speech, Vygotsky dealt with language as a form of social communication which progressively supports both language and thinking process. Applications of Vygotskys Constructivist Cognition Concept to a Childs Education and Language formation Vygotskys Language Acquistion Theory has been influenced by the constructivist approach.In constructivism, problem solving is the core idea of all forms of learning, thinking, and development tha t is, as a child encounters a problem and discovers consequences for its solutions, he or she eventually forms his or her thinking and understanding of a certain concept (Vygotsky cited in Brewer, 2007). In the constructivist view, prior knowledge plays a big part on how a child will perceive things as he or she grows up that is, it is key for the learner to be able to construct new information into his or her current knowledge because the information connected to the learners prior experiences shall be forgotten easily.In application to real life situations, teachers can try to learn about the childrens prior knowledge about a specific problem or a specific topic which confuses them in order to gauge what the children already know and care them understand different experiences (Brewer, 2007). In relation to language development, Vygotsky also coined the concept of the zone of proximal development, which emphasizes that children acquire knowledge about objects and concepts they se e as confusing through directed interactions from guardians, teachers, and parents.He explained that what children learn with the guidance and assistance of people around them appears to be a lot more suggestive of their learning development compared to what they usually do alone (Vygotsky, 1987, qtd. in Lloyd, 1995). Thus, speech and word meaning which is acquired by a child alone may not bring him or her the utmost linguistic potential he or she can have. Language development as well as the other aspects of development a child goes through in the early years is highly important regardless of the learning literary genre or theory followed.Theories like Vygotskys language acquisition theory are formulated to give people specific basis of the different developmental processes. A childs language development is never as plain as teaching him or her words and names rather, it is a complex process which involves crucial elements and key areas where parents, teachers, and concerned guar dians have to focus on in order to help the child realize his or her full potential.References Biology Online. (2005, October 3). Language Development.Retrieved November 14, 2008 from http//www. biology-online. org/dictionary/Language_development Brewer, W. (2007). Learning theory Constructivist approach. Answers. com. Retrieved November 14, 2008 from http//www. answers. com/topic/learning-theory-constructivist-approach Goswami, U. (2004). Blackwell Handbook of Childhood Cognitive Development. Oxford, UK Blackwell Publishing. Lloyd. P. (1995). Psychology Cognitive and Language Development. Leicester, UK British Psychological Society.Marxist Internet Archive. (1990). Vygotsky, Lev Semenovich (1896-1934). Retrieved November 14, 2008 from http//www. marxists. org/glossary/people/v/y. htmvygotsky-lev Schutz, R. (2004, December 5). Vygotsky language acquisition. English Made in Brazil. Retrieved November 14, 2008 from http//www. sk. com. br/sk-vygot. hypertext markup language Wells, K. R. (2008). Cognitive development. Encyclopedia of Childrens Health. Retrieved November 14, 2008 from http//www. healthofchildren. com/C/Cognitive-Development. html

Weekly News from the Arab World Essay Example for Free

Weekly News from the Arab mankind EssayThere has been an observable interest group coming from the unexclusive regarding events that is happening in the Arab World. This has some(a)thing to do with the situations that happened in the past that involved the peace and order of the region. At drive home, the interest of most people is based on how the countries in the Middle East will deal with the present global fiscal crisis. News from this region mostly pertains to this issue as well as separate events that are related with its peace and security. This weeks news gave emphasis on the situation of the Arab World when it comes to their financial stability especially with the looming crisis in their midst. According to recent updates, Arab markets go along to deteriorate. The regions change magnitude economic robustness is observable in its stock market that has been decreasing for four straight days. Tadawul exclusively of Saudi Arabia, which is recognized as the largest s tock holder in the Middle East, experienced a reduced of more than 7. 5 per sent of their shares.In the same manner, other Arab countries like the shares of Dubai lost more than 25 per cent of their trading value and even the Kuwait stock exchange, the second largest in the region reduced by 2. 8 per cent. These clearly show that the Arab World is also greatly affected by the financial crisis in the world today (Aljazeerah, 2008). There are also observable security threats in some countries in the region. This is greatly evident in Iraq when a bomb change integrity at the Abu Dshir market. The bomb exploded a vehicle that killed 13 people and inflict injury to another 27.Even though at that place are still violent incidents in the country, police reported there is a steady lessen in this kind of incidents. The latest notable attack was when the MP Moqtada Sadr from the Shia was killed by using a roadside bomb (BBC, 2008). On a lighter note, good things are also happening for some countries in the Arab World. One of which is the exclusion of Jordan from Egypts rice trade embargo. Egyptian Minister of International Cooperation Fayza Abul Naja explicitly announce that Egypt is willing to provide Jordans rice needs.This transaction does not only stand for economic federation for these two countries but it also symbolizes their strengthening relationship. The Arab World like any other region in the globe is also facing numerous challenges (The Jordan Times, 2008). These problems occur in different areas of concern in the region. Nevertheless, they are doing what they can in order to address these dilemmas immediately to achieve favorable results for the Arab countries and most especially its people.ReferencesAljazeera. (2008). Arab markets continue to dive. Retrieved October 10, 2008, from http//english. aljazeera. net/news/middleeast/2008/10/200810811223643836. html. BBC. (2008). Deadly bomb attack at Iraq market. Retrieved October 10, 2008, from http//news. bbc. co. uk/2/hi/middle_east/7664057. stm. The Jordan Times. (2008). Egypt excludes Jordan from embargo on rice exports. Retrieved October 10, 2008, from http//www. jordantimes. com/? news=11225.

Cases on Contract Essay Example for Free

Cases on Contract EssayThe defendant made the highest bid for the plaintiffs goods at an auction sale, except he withdrew his bid before the fall(a) of the aucti bingleers hammer. It was held that the defendant was not bound to purchase the goods. His bid amounted to an aver which he was entitled to withdraw at any time before the auctioneer signified acceptance by knocking down the hammer. Note The common law rule laid down in this case has now been codified in s57(2) Sale of Goods Act 1979. Fisher v Bell (1960)A shopkeeper breaked a flick knife with a hurt tag in the window. The Restriction of vile Weapons Act 1959 made it an offence to go game for sale a flick knife. The shopkeeper was prosecuted in the magistrates speak to but the Justices declined to convict on the basis that the knife had not, in law, been offered for sale. This decision was upheld by the Queens judicatory Divisional Court. Lord Parker CJ stated It is perfectly clear that according to the ordinary law of contract the display of an article with a cost on it in a shop window is merely an invitation to deal. It is in no sense an offer for sale the acceptance of which constitutes a contract. PSGB v Boots (1953)The defendants shop was adapted to the self-service system. The question for the Court of Appeal was whether the sales of certain drugs were effected by or under the in pay heedence of a registered pharmacist. The question was answered in the affirmative. Somervell LJ stated that in the case of an ordinary shop, although goods are displayed and it is intended that customers should go and choose what they want, the contract is not completed until, the customer having indicated the articles which he needs, the shopkeeper, or someone on his behalf, accepts that offer. hence the contract is completed. Partridge v Crittenden (1968)It was an offence to offer for sale certain wild birds. The defendant had rear forwardize in a periodical Quality Bramblefinch cocks, Bramblefi nch hens, 25s each. His conviction was quashed by the High Court. Lord Parker CJ stated that when one is dealing with advertisements and circulars, unless they indeed come from manufacturers, there is business sense in their being readd as invitations to treat and not offers for sale. In a very different context Lord Herschell in Grainger v Gough (Surveyor of Taxes) 1896 AC 325, said this in dealing with a price list The transmission of such a price list does not amount to an offer to supply an unlimited quantity of the wine described at the price named, so that as soon as an order is given there is a covert contract to supply that quantity. If it were so, the merchant might find himself involved in any number of contractual obligations to supply wine of a particular description which he would be quite unable to maintain out, his stock of wine of that description being necessarily limited. Carlill v Carbolic Smoke Ball Co (1893)An advert was placed for smoke balls to prevent infl uenza. The advert offered to pay 100 if anyone contract influenza after using the ball. The company deposited 1,000 with the Alliance Bank to show their sincerity in the matter. The plaintiff bought one of the balls but contracted influenza. It was held that she was entitled to recover the 100. The Court of Appeal held that (a) the deposit of money showed an intention to be bound, therefore the advert was an offer (b) it was possible to make an offer to the world at large, which is accepted by anyone who buys a smokeball (c) the offer of protection would cover the period of use and (d) the buying and using of the smokeball amounted to acceptance. Harvey v Facey (1893)The plaintiffs send a conducting wire to the defendant, Will you take Bumper Hall Pen? Telegraph lowest cash price. The defendants reply was Lowest price 900. The plaintiffs telegraphed We agree to buy for 900 asked by you. It was held by the Privy Council that the defendants telegram was not an offer but plainly an indication of the minimum price the defendants would want, if they decided to sell. The plaintiffs second telegram could not be an acceptance. Gibson v MCC (1979)The council direct to tenants details of a scheme for the sale of council houses. The plaintiff immediately replied, paying the 3 administration fee. The council replied The grass may be prepared to sell the house to you at the purchase price of 2,725 less 20 per cent. 2,180 (freehold). The earn gave details about a mortgage and went on This letter should not be regarded as a firm offer of a mortgage. If you would like to make a formal application to buy your council house, please complete the enclosed application form and return it to me as soon as possible. G filled in and returned the form. Labour took control of the council from the Conservatives and instructed their officers not to sell council houses unless they were lawfully bound to do so.The council declined to sell to G. In the House of Lords, Lord Diplock stated that words italicised seem to make it quite impossible to construe this letter as a contractual offer capable of being converted into a legally enforceable open contract for the sale of land by Gs written acceptance of it. It was a letter setting out the financial terms on which it may be the council would be prepared to delve a sale and purchase in due course. Harvela v Royal assertion (1985)Royal Trust invited offers by sealed tender for shares in a company and undertook to accept the highest offer. Harvela bid $2,175,000 and Sir Leonard Outerbridge bid $2,100,000 or $100,000 in excess of any other offer. Royal Trust accepted Sir Leonards offer. The trial judge gave taste for Harvela. In the House of Lords, Lord Templeman stated To constitute a decided bidding sale all that was necessary was that the vendors should invite confidential offers and should undertake to accept the highest offer. Such was the form of the invitation. It follows that the invitation upon its tru e construction created a fixed bidding sale and that Sir Leonard was not entitled to submit and the vendors were not entitled to accept a referential bid.Blackpool Aero Club v Blackpool Borough Council (1990) BBC invited tenders to operate an airport, to be submitted by noon on a fixed date. The plaintiffs tender was delivered by hand and put in the Town Hall letter box at 11am. However, the tender was recorded as having been received late and was not considered. The club sued for breach of an alleged countenance that a tender received by the deadline would be considered. The judge awarded damages for breach of contract and negligence. The councils draw in was dismissed by the Court of Appeal. ACCEPTANCEBrogden v MRC (1877) B supplied coal to MRC for many years without an agreement. MRC sent a draft agreement to B who filled in the name of an arbitrator, signed it and returned it to MRCs agent who put it in his desk. Coal was ordered and supplied in accordance with the agreement bu t after a gainsay arose B said there was no binding agreement. It was held that Bs returning of the amended document was not an acceptance but a counter-offer which could be regarded as accepted either when MRC ordered coal or when B actually supplied. By their conduct the parties had indicated their approval of the agreement.

Platos Republic Three Parts of the Soul Essay Example for Free

Platos Republic Three Parts of the mortal EssayIn his book The Republic, Plato searches for scarcelyice within the individual and what makes a person that. By study his sense of what is just at a political level and what is just at a mental level he proposes three virtues of the individual which willing make that particular person just. The virtues are of wisdom, braveness and moderation. A just man wont differ at all from a just urban center in respect to the form of arbitrator rather hell be like the metropolis (Republic 435b). Once Plato has found jurist within the city he seeks to transfer it back into the human thought.Plato duologue about the ability of a person to be indecisive about actions such as drink when something in their nous forbids them to do so even if they go for it. This indecisiveness can be modify into internal conflict between more than one part of the soul. One part of the soul is the lucid part and the part that lusts, hungers, thirsts a nd gets excited is the appetitive part (439d). Plato then identifies a third part of the soul, the halt part, which is used to create emotions. Appetite is a really big part of our souls.It contains both necessary desires, which should be indulged (such as the desire to eat enough to stay alive) and unnecessary desires, which should be limited (such as the desire to eat your inviolate birthday cake). Though the appetite lusts after many things, Plato says its money-loving, since money is demand for satisfying most of these desires. It is therefore obvious to Plato that the rational part of the soul should rule, as the rulers in the city do, because they both display the virtue of wisdom and can therefore exercise foresight on behalf of the entire soul. 441e) Similarly, just as the guardians assist the rulers in maintaining justice within the city, the spirited part of the soul will use emotions in rules of order to maintain order and harmony within the soul which is justice. The se two part of the soul will be able to control its appetitive part, which may, through its insatiable desire for money, set out to overthrow its particular role and rule over the body and eventually the classes that it is not naturally meet to rule over (442a).Consequently, justice in the individual and justice in the city would be disturbed leading to chaos and war. The rulers and guardians exist in order to control and direct the producers who are the majority of the population, as the rational and spirited parts of the soul rule the desires of the individual. Therefore a just person would be one with a spirited part of the soul that would persevere through pleasures and pains in order to carry out the rational parts intentions on what should be feared and what should not (442b).This ability is identifiable as the virtue of courage, which is evident in the guardians. Moreover, this pattern of parallel virtues between the city and the soul continues as a persons reason is most able to make decisions about what is advantageous for severally part and for the whole soul when he/she has the knowledge associated with wisdom. As a result the desires should be kept in a pass on of moderation by the rational part of the soul so that the ruler and the ruled both entertain that the rational part should rule and not engage in civil war (442c).In conclusion, justice in the individual is similar to justice within the city where a person puts himself in order, is his possess friend, and harmonizes the three parts of himself like three limiting notes in a musical scale (443d). In the city, justice is obtained by the three parts of society each fulfilling their role as best they can, and displaying the comparable three virtues of wisdom, courage and moderation. This leads to a harmony between the parts, the best possible combination, which is described as justice by Plato both within the city and within the soul.This should be obvious as after all, a city is made u p of many individuals. The harmonious or rightly ordered soul, then, is one which practices the virtues of each part. The virtue of the appetites is moderation the virtue of the spirit is courage the virtue of the intellect is wisdom. Through these virtues the human soul attains a certain concord or integrity, which Plato understood as the only real happiness befitting of the name. The overall purpose of the Republic is for Plato to understand what makes people happy. He discovers this through the process of dividing the soul up and seeing how they work together.Ultimately, if you live a just life you live a life of wisdom and your rational side comes first. If you live an unjust life you live your life by honor, victory, or money. nigh men and women living unjust lives have a one-track mind. They forget their other priorities and doing whats right just so they get what they want. Just people always beat and unjust person and live a happier and fuller life. His separation of the s oul is very simplistic altogether. However, his individual ideas were very complex. Plato wanted us to to designate for ourselves to discover how we decide to arrange our parts of the soul.

To Sir, With Love by E. R. Braithewaite Essay Example for Free

To Sir, With Love by E. R. Braithewaite EssayIn his novel, To Sir, With Love, E. R. Braithewaite traces the course of his relationship with his unruly charges, as a instructor in a rough train in London. I think Braithewaite was a resounding success, as he progressed from a new blackie t separatelyer to Sir, with Love, as he moulded the lives of his students and played a constituent model to them.When he root met the students, he was confront with disobedience and hostility. They were indifferent to his attempts to integrate himself with them, and make them like him. I think they did not reall(a)y cared almost respecting Braithewaite as they imagined him to be as a transient as his predecessors. They mentioned him only briefly (and yet do a pointed reference to his race) in their weekly reviews. I do not think it was really their breakage they had had so many inept instructors in the past they did not have any high mentality for Braithewaite An opposite (Hackman).Braith ewaite went through three phases in his relationship with the students the noisy, silent and bawdy phases, all increasing in aggression. Matters came to a head one day as someone burnt a sanitary napkin in the phase room, in what I believe was an act of testing the waters they were trying to chit-chat how far they could push Braithewaite. That incident was the turning point for Braithewaite as he reprimanded the students, I think he realised that trying to be their friend would not work, Instead he decided to be buckram with them, not asking, but demanding, respect.One hurdle that he had to everyplacecome was the students social earth. They had been poorly fed, clothed and housed, in places where the breadwinner was chronically unemployed. Their neighbourhood was infested with social vermin. These children, I think, had never had any satisfactory father or role models that they could look up to. This, combined with their ingrained prejudice, made them feel that Braithewaite would be another Hackman who by all accounts gave the children too much rope. Braithewaite had to realise that they came from homes where order was often accomplished by a blow and in school where corporal punishment was banned, that he had to be strict in order to earn their respects.His first triumph was his success in imposing unfamiliar social codes on the children. By having them call each other Sir and Miss, I think he showed them a glimpse of what they could become well mannered, courteous issue adults.Braithewaite quickly realised that lessons, unless they could relate to the students lives were of no use to the children. So he related the subjects and tailored the lessons to crusade the children and in this way, he showed them that the purpose of education was the development of the students thinking and reasoning.In this way, Braithewaite gained the respect of the ringleaders of the children, except Denham. I think he finally grew up in their eyes as he beat Denham, a s ymbol for triumphing over adversity. I feel in the end, physical force was needed to win over the children, and it speaks volumes about their social background.After the boxing incident, Braithewaite became aware of in important change in his cause attitude towards them. Whilst earlier his aim was to gain employment, not rally caring about the students, he straightway found himself liking them, collectively and singly and therefore more interested in their welfare and honorable values.The trip to the museum brought out the best in the children, as they came scrubbed, combed, brushed and shining. I think the children finally had a hope of redemption, as they went on with their best behaviour, surprising and delighting Braithewaite. He now begins to identify himself with them, calling them my class and mentioning that they had become a part of him.But this brought in a new complication Pamela Dare. A young lady with only scruffy, untidy men to look up to, she quickly develops a c rush on the big, unsubtle and handsome Braithewaite, but I think her crush was not more than a yearning for a father figure. Both Pamela and her mother respected Braithewaite enough to ask for his advice on family matter. Braithewaite, on his part, is careful and cognizant of his limits with Pamela he treats her like any other student and without being too intrusive, he guides her and her mother.Barbara Peggs mother, on the other hand, was not so tolerant. Bluntly refusing him a room to lodge, on the grounds of his colour, she changes her mind only because her daughter, horror-stricken at her behaviour, wanted her to apologise. But Braithewaite sees this, also, as a triumph. He knows hes gotten through to Barbara. He had taught her tolerance and the ingrained humanities.One person who seems not to have the essential humanities is Mr. Weston. He is deeply prejudiced against the children and their background and so is a contrast to Braithewaite. He calls his students snotty littl e tarts and blithe spirits and always claims that he is only a teacher for the money, and in this he is a marked contrast to Braithewaite.E.R. Braithwaite was truly a remarkable teacher in the way he changed his student attitudes and perceptions to the world around them, and their behaviour and anticipation in general. They had, in only a year, progressed from being unruly, rude and out of hand to responsible, polite and raise adults with their whole future ahead of them, and all due to him. I feel that he was the best teacher they could have possibly had and he deserved to be called Sir, With Love.

Analysis of as new park case study Essay Example for Free

Analysis of as new b every(prenominal) cat valium berth study EssayAnalysis of as new commonality case study insertion The grooming process involves developers, communities, engineers, planners, and government. The involvement of all the stakeh h unrivaledst-to-goders in planning process ensures that a project is positively implemented in the public interests (Carmona, 2010). The new project would commence as an improvement the old city. The old city was widely employ by women and children. Although it was developed 30 years ago, it still remained as the scoop out choice for the passel living at its vicinity. It formed the best recreation centre for lot during stiff winter season. The new green would re authority the old trees, grass, and build new shades and buildings that would be used to shade people during hot weather. The case involved closed down of the old city for 2 years and relocation of people living around the city to place where there were no comp laisant amenities such as schools and recreation centre. The case represents of unethical issues that pertains to urban planning evident by the developers. The ethical issues include closure of the city and get overing people their recreational facility. The new common development would deny people a chance to enjoy their recreational facilities, which is professionally unethical to a developer. In addition, the developer would be destroying peoples inheritance on old trees and grass. The modern buildings would destroy the old trees and grass heritage in the new ballpark. Moreover, it is not ethical to transfer people from their own comfort z one and only(a) where they enjoyed sociable amenities such as schools, parks and otherwise infrastructures such other shopping malls to a place where they no longer enjoy the amenities. The act is believed to on self- interests that do not care about other community. In planning process, it is important for planners and developers to go steady professional ethics while executing their city planning so that prise between communities and the affected people is maintained (Allen, 2009). In this case, the close probable etymon would be first to develop the area where the devil communities would be relocated before relocating them. It would be most appropriate if the government could start by developing infrastructures such as roads, schools, hospitals, and recreational centres before displacing people in towns if the new park would not be avoidable. On the other hand, a new park could be developed elsewhere and the old one be renovated to maintain national heritage. Moreover, the old park renovation should not be closed for a long period and should developers should allow people to assenting the park even under constructions.The renovation of the park would ensure that the national heritage on traditional trees and grass would not be destroyed thus maintain it as way of protecting the countries natal spe cies. This would ensure that people are not relocated from their original comfort zone. Consequently, development of area that the two communities were transferred would ensure that the communities living standards would not be affected except their geographical shift. The move would maintain the respect between the communities, planners, developers and engineers as their lives go forth not be affected. The solution approach where the planners would ensure that all the affable amenities are developed before relocation would ensure that the professional figure of ethics on the conscious on the right of a third party would be upheld (American Planning Association, 2009). In addition, the code of ethics on fairly dealing with all the people involved in the process will be highly upheld. However, the value of professional code of ethics on heritage will be violated through electing a new park and indigenous trees will be destroyed. The planners will permit made sure that the de cision making process involves all the party and thus no one would be negatively affected by the new project. Similarly, the second approach of electing the new park elsewhere would ensure professional code of ethics for planners to ensure social justice and responsibility not to discriminate people would be upheld. This solution would ensure that people are not relocated and at the kindred time the national heritage is maintained. The value of heritage that is attributed to indigenous trees will be upheld while that of purity design and updated design will be violated (American Planning Association, 2009). Both solutions would minimize the negative impacts of the planning in the city. However, the best solution will be to design and construct the new park elsewhere near the old park. The solutions to planning dispute safeguard the rights of the people and the professional ethics of the planners (Staatskoerant, 2011).The old park can only be renovated so that the heritage of the city will be upheld. Similarly, there would be relocation of people to new areas and thus they will be fairly treated and their lives will not be affected. In addition, the solution will ensure that people are not denied their rights to enjoy themselves during winter. refurbishment for the old park could be done during summer when people are not using the park so that they would not be limited access during winter. The move will impact positively to people living there and would retain the respect of communities to developers. The solution would limit the planners, developers and engineers from implementing their own design and planning of the city. In addition, the people would not have a chance to enjoy a modern facility. However, there would still be a chance for them to construct a new park elsewhere in the city and increase the number of parks. One that would be rich in heritage and there other one would be modern. Although space and area allocation may be a problem, a new park elsewhere would stand out for this case.Conclusion In conclusion, it can be noted that planners, developers and engineers should highly consider professional ethics when carrying out new projects that would impact negatively to the public. All planning processes should involve all stakeholders and fair implementation of the project should be considered to avoid unethical issues that are evidenced in the case of new park development.ReferencesAllen, J. (2009).Event planning Ethics and etiquette a principled approach to the business of finicky event management. Mississauga, Ont Wiley.American Planning Association,. (2009). AICP Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct. Planning.org. Retrieved 13 May 2014, from http//www.planning.org/ethics/ethicscode.htmCarmona, M. (2010). in the public eye(predicate) places, urban spaces the dimension of urban design. Oxon Routledge.Staatskoerant,. (2011). Code of ethics and professional conduct for the urban and regional planning profession. Gov.za. Retrieved 13 May 2014, from http//www.gov.za/documents/download.php?f=147400Source document

Write a brief humorous essay on the director Essay Example for Free

Write a brief buffoonish essay on the director EssayWrite a brief humorous essay on the directors take of a modern deed of a chosen moving-picture show in Romeo and Juliet Romeo and Juliet, Act 1, Scene 5 No, no, no and NO I was beginning to get exasperated. The actors I had selected for my production of William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet were, how should I put it kindly? , dim and untalented. We were rehearsing one of the most important scenes of the play, the scene where Romeo and Juliet first meet. The scene where they fall in rage, the whole play revolved around this scene, and this bunch of amateurs was ruining it. Look Megan, I said to my Juliet, you accommodate to put some feeling into this, acting is about much more than only if reciting the lines. You have to imagine that YOU are Juliet. You are a fourteen-year-old female child being approached by a self-aggrandizing boy. You have to SHOW the audience that you arent sure how to react to his advances. Be coy , sweet and innocent. But you also have to be witty. Do you understand, darling? I felt as if I was talking to a toddler. I think so, said Megan. Okay, lets try it one more time. Places everyoneAct 1, scene 5, Action I yelled. We essay it again, Megans tone had improved, moreover I suspected that she didnt have a clue what any of what she was saying meant, and her movements were awful. Whilst Mark, my Romeo, was genuinely doing okay. I guess miracles do happen. Yes that was much better, sweeties I screamed But, Mark, darling, you arent confident enough, you have to be a dispassionate operator, youre a magnetizeer, and you know that sooner or later this young lady will fall for your charm and wit. What charm and wit?This boy couldnt charm a teapot, let alone a young girl I thought to myself. Once more Action My throat was getting sore from yelling so much. Being a director isnt easy, you know, its not all about doing lunch, and all that. But I love it, so I persisted. Th at was dreadful, simply dreadful Juliet when you say I grabbed the nearest script Good pilgrim, you do wrong your hands too much, its meant to be witty. By this remark you show us that you are quick and that youve caught onto Romeos metaphor.But you still arent sure about him, you are flattered to be approached, but still wary of this shout you know nothing about. You are quite happy touching his hand, but dont want to go further, so you play hard to get And Romeo, you have to be persistent, even a little aggressive. You touch her hand, but Megan, you pull away, but Mark you go for her hand again, and even try to kiss her after affirm not saints lips, and holy palmers too? so Megan, you dodge his kiss and quickly make up an excuse.argon we clear? Okay, again. Action They were doing better, but still not good enough. I was beginning to get a headache. Juliet, when Romeo touches your hand you turn away, but Romeo as I said before, you persist. My headache was getting worse, i t is pure scud seeing a Shakespeare masterpiece being acted as they were acting it. Last time. And get it right, please. Action They were getting worse and worse, but Id had enough for the day. Oh well, maybe we still had time to recast.

Travel and Tourism Essay Example for Free

Travel and Tourism EssayAir confine confederacy members hold up sure that airline passengers dumbfound a comfortable, safe and pleasant shoot. Air confine junto member must(prenominal) be polite, well-spoken and have a positive approach.Main duties responsibilitiesThe bloodline of a pi rotary comes with heavy responsibility and personal commitment. There is more to the role than just escape valve of steps the plane, which has to be done safely and economicall(a)y, and tasks stop typically include ensuring all information on the route,ensuring all preventive systems argon creaming carrying out pre- escape cock checks on the navigation and operating systems communicating with air employment control before target-off. Tasks may go away slightly depending on whether it is a short or long-haul flight and the size of the team you are working in. However, they typically include Attending a pre-flight briefing, during which air confine crew are assigned their working positions for the upcoming flight. Crew are also informed of flight details, the schedule and if there are passengers with any(prenominal) special get hold ofments, such as diabetic passengers, passengers in wheelchairs or the number of infants on board carrying out pre-flight duties, including checking the safety equipment, ensuring the aircraft is clean and tidy, ensuring that information in the seat pockets is up to date and that all meals and stock are on board welcoming passengers on board and directional them to their seats informing passengers of the aircraft safety procedures and ensuring that all hand luggage is securely stored aside checking all passenger seat belts and galleys are secure prior to take-off making announcements on behalf of the pilot and answering passenger questions during the flight serving meals and refreshments to passengersEn tense urgencysQualificationsYou would usually detonate your career as a first officer after(prenominal) gaining at least an Airline Transport Pilots License. This is first awarded as a part time ATL, which allows you to fly as a first officer. When you have completed enough flying hours you bottomland apply for a full ATPL and qualify as an airline captain. You must be at least 21 years old to have a full ATPL. You get out need to pass a thorough checkup check. You should be physically fit, and have good hearing, eyesight and color-normal vision. Several universities offer courses in air lift and operations with pilot fostering options. Some of these allow you to study up to arctic ATPL level. In close to cases, you will have to pay for the flight training modules yourself.A story or HND/foundation degree is not required for entry into work as a cabin crew member. Instead, most airlines require a good secondary education, with some asking for grade C or above in position and Maths.SkillsTo become an airline pilot, you will need to havethe dexterity to follow spoken instruction manual fro m air traffic control the major power to give clear, confident instructions to crew members and passengers good teamwork skillsthe ability to work with technologygood hand-to-eye coordinationthe ability to read maps and 3D displaysgood written discourse skillsThe ability to remain calm, and take charge in an emergency. tractability inworking unsocial hours on any day of the yearTo become a cabin crew member, you will need to havecommunication skillsconfidence in dealing with a range of peoplethe ability to work as a team member (different teams may be worked with every day) and be supportive of colleaguescompetence in discussion difficult situations and the ability to remain calm under pressure and in emergency situationsthe ability to be tactful and diplomatic but also assertive when necessarycommercial awareness and sales skillsflexibility in working unsocial hours on any day of the yearthe ability to work quickly and efficiently, practically to tight time constraintsnumerac y skills for handling cash, including foreign currencyThe ability to work in a confined space.Personal qualitiesPilots need to display a very special blend of personal characteristics maturity, commitment, a technical aptitude and interest, determination to succeed, self-motivation and willingness to take on responsibility.The qualities of a good cabin crew are approachability, warm personality, sincerity, honesty, having a humble disposition, friendliness, discipline, stable emotion, having good listening skills, rule oriented, being organised, having a cross-cultural sensitivity and understanding, adaptability, assertiveness, dedication to details and having a good sense of humour. Some airlines look for air cabin crew who can speak a second language and this will be essential if you involve to be based in an overseas location.ExperiencePilots must be at least 21 years old and have full ATPL and have a certain amount of flying hours to start flying. They will need to pass a thoro ugh medical check. To become a cabin crew memebr, you would be given basic training lasting in the midst of four and six weeks. This covers hostage, customsand immigration regulationssafety and emergency proceduresfirst aidcustomer relations and passenger carecurrency fill infood preparation and service, and galley managementPersonal grooming (appearance).After this you would normally have a trial period of three to six months. During this time your performance would be checked by trainers or senior crew members. You would have to pass regular exams to test your knowledge of safety and emergency procedures, and to make sure you meet official first aid requirements.Other factors, e.g. location, CRB disclosures, unprompted licence It is recommended that before candidates you bring forth any training you take the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) Class One Medical. It is a requirement that all airline pilots pass this medical, and if they do not, they will not be able to complete the training to achieve the ATPL. Criminal record checks can play a key role in your military group security regime, both at the pre-employment stage and as a tool in personnel security aftercare. The Department for Transport) requires a basic criminal record disclosure for certain roles. This shows unspent convictions only. Candidates also must be able to swim for 25m unaccompanied. confine Crew candidates must go through a CRB check. To be successful candidates must not have a criminal record and in some cases not even a caution. Candidates also must be able to swim for 25m unaccompanied. Depending on what airline you work for, you must hold a driving license e.g. Flybe require candidates to have a valid driving licence.ProgressionOpportunities for promotion progressionNewly qualified pilots start with an airline as a copilot, where they will be second in command on the aircraft. The captain has the overall responsibility for the flight and safety of the passengers and crew butshar es tasks with the copilot. With enough hours and experience copilots will be able to progress to the role as a captain. With experience air cabin crew members could get promoted to pursers. As the purser, you would ensure that all crew within your cabin deliver the highest level of customer service. You would also give feedback on their performance and try to boost sales of duty-free items. instructionPilots training to reach the frozen ATPL level could take amid nine and 36 months, depending on which entry route they follow. It may take less time if you already have a Private Pilots License, Commercial Pilots License or experience in the armed forces.Training will includeflight principlesnavigation and communicationsmeteorologyoperational proceduresaviation law persona of flight simulators and flying real aircraft.During the training period, you would learn basic flying skills and usually work towards frozen ATPL. You must complete a minimum 195 hours flying time to achieve this.T here isnt a strict education required for becoming an air hostess (besides a GCSE level in English and Maths for most companies), but taking cabin crew training will increase your discover of being hired. Some courses will provide you with training which is similar to the cabin crew training you would gather from an airline union. This gives you a benefit over those who didnt have some relevant training, which will probably make you stand out of the crowd.Further higher educationPilots would normally start work as a co-pilot (first officer) alongside a training captain on short-haul flights. This would give them maximum experience of take offs and landings. A full ATPL is normally awarded after 1500 flying hours, with at least 500 of these as a co-pilot. Eventually you could become a fully qualified captain.A range of further training courses are also available, which introduce candidates to skills and recruitment processes. Such courses often have useful links to major recruit ers and can be an advantage, but do not guarantee entry to the profession.Factors to considerE.g. seasonality, temporary, fixed-term contracts.Most seasons start in October and go through May-July so you missed this season. Contracts vary from fixed and temporary. If you have a temporary contract, airlines could go on to terminate your contract or offer you a permanent contract. Contracts vary from fixed and temporary. If you have a temporary contract, they could go on to terminate your contract or offer you a permanent contract.Working hoursYour working hours would be linked to flight destinations and could include nights, weekends and public holidays. Working hours are purely regulated for safety reasons. The amount of time you spend away from home would vary. On UK and European routes, you may be able to return home every evening. Flights further away would often involve overnight stays or longer. If so, your employer would provide you with accommodation.You would work shifts that include weekends, nights and public holidays. The amount of time you would spend away from home would vary depending on the flight routes that you work on. You would be expected to be neat and smart, and your company would provide you with a uniform. The work can be physically demanding, as you would spend a lot of time on your feet and work in small spaces like the kitchen galley. Bad weather could make it awkward in the aircraft.Level of payA pilots level of pay may vary from 21,000 to 75,000 depending on experience and level of flying hours. Starting salaries can be between 12,000 and 14,000 a year. With experience, this rises to between 15,000 and 21,000 a year. Senior crew can earn up to 25,000 a year. Overtime and flight allowances can increase salaries.PerksAs well as getting to fly to either domestic or international destinations as part of their job, airplane pilots get big discounts on personal air travel. Many also enjoy discounts on personal car rentals and hotel rooms through their employers. These benefits can be for life and often extend to other family members. Pilots also enjoy free hotel accommodations when they have to stay away from home overnight. Cabin crew members are provided with free accommodation. You can get cheaper flights for friends and family depending on the airline. The major perk to being cabin crew. For the lucky few that get long haul flights then they will normally stopover in the country you are going too. The airlines will normally put you up in a 4 or 5 star hotel plus whilst you are there you are free to do as you wish. As well as all this you also get paid for it.